Agent frameworks

LlamaIndex

Data framework focused on ingestion, indexing, and retrieval pipelines feeding a model.

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Pricing
Open source
Runs
Hosted or self-hosted
Languages
Python, TypeScript
Interface
Library
Source
Open source

What LlamaIndex is

LlamaIndex is organised around getting data to a model: parsing documents, chunking them sensibly, building indexes, and querying them at retrieval time. Its document handling is the strongest part — the unglamorous work of turning messy PDFs and HTML into something retrievable — and it has grown agent capabilities on top.

Best for

Retrieval-heavy applications where document ingestion and indexing are the hard part.

Consider something else if

If your application is agentic first and retrieval is incidental, a general framework may fit the shape better.

LlamaIndex alternatives

The closest options in agent frameworks, on the axes that actually separate them.

LlamaIndex compared with 5 alternatives
ToolBest forPricingRuns
LlamaIndexopen sourceRetrieval-heavy applications where document ingestion and indexing are the hard part.Open sourceHosted or self-hosted
LangChainopen sourceProjects that benefit from breadth of integrations, and teams who want explicit stateful graphs via LangGraph.Open sourceHosted or self-hosted
Pydantic AIopen sourcePython teams already using Pydantic who want type safety and a framework small enough to hold in your head.Open sourceSelf-hosted
Claude Agent SDKopen sourceFilesystem- and shell-shaped agents where the built-in tool set is most of what you need.Open sourceSelf-hosted
DSPyopen sourceTasks with a measurable metric and enough examples to optimise against, where hand-tuned prompts keep drifting.Open sourceSelf-hosted
Mastraopen sourceTypeScript and Node teams who want a framework designed for their stack instead of a translated one.Open sourceHosted or self-hosted

Choosing within agent frameworks

Language, honestly

Most of this category is Python-first. If your service is TypeScript, the shortlist is genuinely shorter, and a thin layer over the provider SDK is often better than a half-maintained port.

How much it hides

Some frameworks give you primitives you compose; others give you an agent you configure. The second is faster to a demo and harder to debug at depth. Match this to how much novel behaviour you expect to need.

The full guide to agent frameworks →

Questions

What is LlamaIndex?

LlamaIndex is organised around getting data to a model: parsing documents, chunking them sensibly, building indexes, and querying them at retrieval time. Its document handling is the strongest part — the unglamorous work of turning messy PDFs and HTML into something retrievable — and it has grown agent capabilities on top. It is open source and hosted or self-hosted.

What are the alternatives to LlamaIndex?

The closest alternatives are LangChain, Pydantic AI, Claude Agent SDK, DSPy, Mastra. They sit in the same category — agent frameworks — and differ mainly on hosting model, pricing shape, and how much they abstract away.

Is LlamaIndex the right choice?

Retrieval-heavy applications where document ingestion and indexing are the hard part. The main caveat: If your application is agentic first and retrieval is incidental, a general framework may fit the shape better.